# Implementation ## `index_rt` {#sec:index_rt} The `index_rt` is a unique index assigned to each combination of beam propagation mode and number of passes into the plasma. Initially `index_rt` is 1 for the ordinary mode or 2 for the extraordinary mode. Due to the mode mixing, on subsequent passes each beam splits into two modes and the `index_rt` is updated as: ```fortran index_rt = 2*index_rt + 1 ! for the O mode index_rt = 2*index_rt + 2 ! for the X mode ``` It follows that ordinary(extraordinary) modes respectively have odd(even) indices and the number of passes is given by $\lfloor \log₂(1 + \tt index\_rt) \rfloor$. For example, an `index_rt`=19 denotes the following chain: $$ \begin{aligned} \text{mode:} && O &→ X → O → O \\ \text{\tt index\_rt:} && 1 &→ 4 → 9 → 19 \end{aligned} $$